Gulf Stream shutdown and the UK's harsh winter drought - a connection? 04 April 06
Last year Harry Bryden and colleagues wrote a much-discussed paper in Nature which reported that the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (popularly known as the Gulf Stream) has slowed by 30 percent in recent decades. This was reported as being a great shock, but in fact two years ago NASA reported that its satellites were already seeing a dramatic slowdown in a different part of the same circulation. NASA scientist Sirpa Hakkinen said at the time: “If this trend continues, it could indicate reorganization of the ocean climate system, perhaps with changes in the whole climate system, but we need another good five to 10 years to say something like that is happening.”
Two years later, something strange certainly seems to be afoot. The North Atlantic Oscillation has been relentlessly negative during the last winter, with near-permanent blocking anticyclones bringing freezing weather to the British Isles, Scandinavia and Europe, with the reverse picture in North America, which saw unusually warm temperatures (particularly in Canada). The result of the cold was very low rates of precipitation, and most of southern England is now officially in drought conditions at the start of spring.
So could the two things be connected? I haven’t seen a map of sea surface temperature anomalies for the North Atlantic, so I can’t say whether or not the slowing of the circulation has been allowing colder and dryer conditions to strike in Europe. But what bothers me is that this is exactly the scenario that those who worried about the ‘shutting down of the Gulf Stream’ were warning about. I also just looked at the long-range forecast for this region – and another anticyclone is settling down near Greenland, getting ready to pull in yet more cold northerly winds. It looks like spring – and some decent rain – could be some time away yet.
Comments
Peter Hearnden
April 4th, 2006 at 04:56 PM
that a shutdown is underway. And neither were, if I remember correctly, RealClimate http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/archives/2006/01/atlantic-circulation-changes/ .
I’d like to see more evidence than one paper.
Lynn Vincentnathan
April 4th, 2006 at 06:15 PM
Unlike scientists I don’t need 95% certainty that something is happening, nor do I need “another good five to 10 years [to reach 95% certainty] to say something like that is happening.” In my books this is all due GW, until proven otherwise at 99% certainty. And we’re very far from that—maybe it’ll take 5,000 years to reach that level of certainty that GW is NOT causing these problems.
So meanwhile, let’s get to it & mitigate it!
Stewart Argo
April 4th, 2006 at 06:33 PM
And as for as being a “harsh” winter in the UK – check out the stats at The Met Office.
The extreme south of England was 0.1 Celcius colder than the (1961-1990) average, but Scotland was actually 1.1 Celcius warmer.
The drought in the SouthEast is not just related to light precipitation during the last winter. Again from the Met Office (from their January 2006 summary):jim roland
April 4th, 2006 at 10:30 PM
I’m wondering if some common features with 1984/85 have a common explanation.
Early 1985 also saw a long cold spell in southern England and an unusually slow spring, with snow down here as late as April. It was also the winter of East African drought/famine, which I have heard was partially attributed to the African monsoon falling too far north. Last Sunday there was monsoon-like rain in Israel and the West Bank which caused 5 fatalities and was some of the heaviest rain there for over 100 years.
April 5th, 2006 at 12:51 AM
anymore than anyone on this blog. I tend to oversimplify things too much and I think others here may know better. I have studied the science to a certain level but I am no expert.
Yet, I still wonder about the ocean currents and think maybe the evidence of the cold winter in Europe and the increased ice melt may have slowed currents explaining the higher SSTs in the Atlantic. And then all those hurricanes last year and possibly this year fit within the context of this scenario.
It all fits too nicely to be pure coincidence for me. I think all these aspects are related and there is a GW influence at work.
Stewart Argo
April 5th, 2006 at 06:58 AM
I’m not denying AGW – far from it! :)
It’s just that I’d expect Scotland to be the caged canary in the coal mine, as far as the “Gulf Stream” is concerned.
Stewart Argo
April 7th, 2006 at 12:53 AM
The Met Office has now released figures for March, which show that Scotland was 1.0 Celcius below average. In fact, March was colder than both February and January – something that happens pretty rarely (the last time was in 1976, and the temperature difference wasn’t anywhere near as great).
It was pretty strange seeing the gorse in full flower poking through snowdrifts.
However, this is just one month – and the last three years have been the warmest ever recorded in Scotland. I don’t think it’s a sign of any significant change in the thermohaline circulation.
UK Met Office temperatures for Scotland.
Robert Bengtsson
April 8th, 2006 at 07:04 PM
I know we use past climate records in an effort to predict future climate change. But what the ice cores show is a natural climate change. I mean those findings are a history of the natural climate system at work and changing over time. But now we have a completely new force at work ADDED to the natural cycles of earth’s climate. So, we may not be so sure about past climate history telling us all we need to know about how earths climate might change in future. If the north Atlantic currents are changing, they may change in unprecedented ways. We are forcing the climate out of it’s natural cycle. We may or may not see a rapid tipping point in ocean currents. Yes, Canada and the Northern US has seen some odd weather this winter. My family has a 130 year history on the shores of Lake Superior. This winter no ice at all formed on the lake’s open waters. I have never seen this in 55 years nor has any older family member and there is no collective memory of the lake having no winter ice formation at all. As a youth, I hiked 20-30 miles out onto the ice by early January. It was an adventure for us kids. Now we need a boat to experience the lake in winter. Now that is ODD by any standard of Northern Minnesota winters!
Almuth Ernsting
April 9th, 2006 at 04:42 PM
Just found this map of current sea surface temperatures in the North Atlantic, which was posted on realclimate: http://weather.unisys.com/surface/sst_anom.html
Muchg of the North Atlantic has a warm anomaly at present. Most importantly, the sea around the Azores is above normal at present. If that persists into May then, if I am not mistaken, the Met Office forecast for next winter will be for a positive North Atlantic Oscillation and a mild and wet winter over the UK and much of northern Europe.
Almuth Ernsting
Almuth Ernsting
April 14th, 2006 at 01:20 PM
Excellent article about this whole debate in this week’s New Scientist!
Almuth